Areas of a large cargo ship
SEngine room is the room where the main propulsion and most of the auxiliaries are located. In a broader sense, the engine room also includes workshops, tool and spare parts storage and certain fuel tanks located in the engine room (daily tanks, feedwater tanks, etc.). It is usually located in the stern. In some ships that have an engine room in the middle, the axle from the engine goes to the screw through a special tunnel.
However, since a long axle is not the best solution, long ships with the engine room in the middle and ships with the engine room on the bow have electric or some other energy transfer from the engine to the screw. The entire operation of the engine is controlled from the control cabin. That is where all main and auxiliary machinery operation displays, remote controls of some engines and devices, machine equipment malfunction alarms, communication with the navigating bridge and crew members, main electrical switch, etc. are installed. Until the middle of the past century, ships did not have a control cabin. With the development of electronics, however, it is becoming more and more important.
PThe navigation bridge is the space from which navigation is conducted. It is located at the highest space on the ship, from where the control is the best. Until the end of the last century, the bridge was an open space. Later, they first made a small “shed” and put a rudder in it, and with the development of technology, the command bridge was expanding. The modern command bridge is designed to give the commander or navigation officer a complete overview of the instruments and everything that is happening around them. As ships also sail at night, both an excellent vision and navigational guidance must be provided on the navigation bridge for which adequate light is required.
This is ensured by having a separate space on the bridge or covering part of the bridge with a curtain. In recent years, a radio has become part of the command bridge, which until recently was in a different space. More and more command and control functions are being transferred to modern command bridges. We have complete machine alarms on the bridge, but we can also switch the engines on and off as necessary. Of all the instruments on command bridges, the most important one is the compass. Magnetic compass is still irreplaceable, but electronic gyro-compass is used in modern navigation.
The rudder is placed in the middle of the ship overlooking the compass. Ships have three steering systems on the bridge: automatic (with autopilot) and two manual modes. The rudder usually contains bow-thruster controls and a ship’s telegraph for commanding the engine. Furthermore, there are radars on the bridge for detecting objects around the ship, determining the position of the ship, avoiding collisions, etc. The ship usually has at least one other electronic navigation systems such as GPS, Transit, Loran, radio goniometer, etc. Despite that, classic navigational instruments such as various direction panels and sextant must also be on the bridge. The command bridge is also equipped with a bunch of other instruments such as a tilt meter, wind meter, thermometer, barometer, etc.
Navigation is conducted on the navigation maps, so we need to have a large desk where we can unfold the charts and draw positions on them. More and more ships are using electronic nautical charts instead of classic charts. These are installed on a computer, and 13 we can watch them on a special monitor. The most modern device, however, is ECDIS (Electronic Chart Display and Information System). The base of this system is an electronic map on which we can transfer data from all other digital instruments (radar, GPS, compass, speedometer, windmill, etc.). This allows you to navigate using only one monitor. Accommodations are usually located between the engine room and the navigating bridge.
They include crew cabins, a kitchen, dining rooms, common areas, various storage rooms and other similar spaces. MARKING AREAS ON THE SHIP Ships have several holds and tanks. For as smooth work in the ports as possible, it is necessary to know the position of the hold in which the trading operations will take place. Cargo positions are drawn on the cargo plan. This is not the real plan of the ship, but just a sketch of the ship where the cargo spaces are particularly emphasized. Holds are numbered from 1 onwards so that warehouse 1 is first from the bow and the rest continue towards the stern. If the superstructure is in the middle of the ship, the numbering continues after the superstructure.
If the cargo is located only in the part of the hold, its position (e.g. warehouse 4 left front, warehouse 2 rear center, etc.) is added. Hold 5, hold 4, hold 3,hold 2, hold 1. Similar to holds, tanks are also numbered. This applies to both cargo tanks and double bottom tanks. They are numbered like holds with bow to stern numbering. Because they are usually divided into two, three or four sections, they are also separated by lateral position, namely center, port, starboard, center port and center starboard. 1 P 3 P 2 P 1 S 5 P 4 P 5 S 4 S 3 S 2 S 3 C 2 C 4CP AP 5 CFP 4CS If a ship has more than one deck, such as ferries, car carriers, passenger ships, etc., the decks are numbered from the bottom up. Passenger ships also have cabin numbers that begin with the deck number, followed by the cabin number (eg 1021 means 21st cabin on the 10th deck. 14 On cargo ships where the ship has more than one deck only in the superstructure part, the decks are named according to their deck characteristics (e.g. lifeboat deck, navigating deck deck, etc.) or letters A; B, C ….
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